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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants are among the most frequently prescribed drugs for ADHD and are believed to boost and balance levels of brain chemicals. They cannot solve the problem and can only manage symptoms if taken regularly. The adverse effects of ADHD medications may include changes in blood pressure, heart rate, anxiety, and tics. Children and teens who take stimulant drugs experience a minor reduction in their growth rate. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a stimulant for the central nervous system and is the most frequently used drug for treating ADHD. It comes in a variety of forms, such as chewable tablets with liquid as well as an oral disintegrating tablet that performs long and has an extended release. The drug boosts the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain. This improves concentration. It may also reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety. Methylphenidate is a proven treatment for ADHD in combination with other treatments, like behavioural therapy. Methylphenidate is a drug that blocks transporters that normally remove these neurotransmitters from the brain. The drug can cause a small increase in heart rate and blood pressure. It may also trigger rapid changes in blood sugar levels, so diabetics should be aware when taking this medication. Talk to your doctor in the event that you notice any of these signs. Methylphenidate may also cause Raynaud’s phenomenon that causes numbness in the feet and fingers. It is a rare but serious side result. It is crucial to inform your doctor if any of these symptoms are observed. Some people are concerned that methylphenidate can slow down the growth of children. However it hasn't been proven. If your child is taking methylphenidate, be sure to be attentive to their weight and height. If your child is taking tablets containing methylphenidate that contains phenylalanine, it could be harmful to children with Phenylketonuria. Ask your doctor about a different methylphenidate formula if you have PKU. Some people have difficulty with stimulants, which are the first treatment for ADHD. In these instances doctors might prescribe other drugs that function in a similar way. There are also other stimulants like dexamfetamine and lisdexamfetamine, in addition to the methylphenidate. These substances are more powerful than methylphenidate and may last longer. The typical dosage is twice or three times daily however some individuals might be able take them more often. There are also psychological treatments for ADHD, but these are less effective than stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is also known as Strattera and is a nonstimulant ADHD medication that improves concentration while decreasing hyperactivity and impulsiveness. It is part of a class called selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. It works by boosting levels of norepinephrine and dopamine two chemical messengers that control brain's activity. It is popular among children and adults who want a different medication than stimulants such as Adderall or Vyvanse. It is crucial to keep in mind that atomoxetine doesn't work instantly, and it can take up to six weeks for the effects of the drug to be evident. In addition, you may be afflicted by side effects such as reduced appetite, drowsiness and stomach upset. However, the benefits of atomoxetine outweigh the risks for a majority of patients. In a double-blind, placebo controlled study of 297 ADHD patients aged 12 to 18 years old, the effectiveness of atomoxetine has been confirmed. The participants were randomized to receive atomoxetine, a daily dose of 0.6 mg per kilogram or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo for 9 weeks. Both the atomoxetine group as well as the placebo group experienced reduction in symptoms of depression. The atomoxetine group saw more improvement in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. However, the improvement was modest (Michelson and colleagues 2001). In a second open trial in a second open trial, 10 ADHD patients who were not responding to stimulants were treated with the treatment of atomoxetine for eight weeks. The group treated with atomoxetine showed improvement in ADHD symptoms compared to placebo group and scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale Investigator Rated Screening version as well as the Clinical Global Impressions of Severity scale improving significantly. One patient however, experienced an allergic reaction and was removed from the study. Three patients also reported temporary digestive symptoms, and one patient noticed an increase in fatigue. Before beginning treatment with atomoxetine to your doctor about your health history and any other medications or supplements that you're taking. This includes herbal remedies as well as over the counter medicines. It is especially important to inform your doctor if there is narrow-angle glaucoma, a thyroid tumor or adrenal gland tumor or high blood pressure, heart disease or a history of sudden death. Avoid atomoxetine as well when you've been taking an MAO-inhibitor, such isocarboxazid or linezolid within the last 14 days, or rasagiline, Methylene Blue Injection, phenelzine, or tranylcypromine. Bupropion Bupropion is a non-stimulant drug that can aid in reducing symptoms of ADHD. It can also reduce impulsivity, and increase focus. However it doesn't affect the brain in the similar way that stimulants do. It's only available with a prescription. Your doctor will determine the right dosage for you. Bupropion is available in tablets and extended-release capsules. It is important to take the medication as instructed. There are withdrawal symptoms that can occur in the event that you stop abruptly. It is usually taken two or three times per day with 4-6 hours between each dose. The dosage can vary between 100 mg two or three times per day up to 150 mg three or four times a day. The drug is absorbed in the digestive tract and is excreted in urine, which means that it isn't able to enter breast milk. It can, however, be absorbed into the bloodstream and cause harm to other organs. Bupropion can increase your blood pressure, which is why it's vital to monitor it regularly. Bupropion, in addition to improving ADHD symptoms it can also help reduce depression. It can also treat bipolar disorder. It works by blocking dopamine receptors in your brain. This blocks the neurotransmitter, dopamine, from entering your brain. This helps to stabilize your mood. Bupropion can interact with other medications. Tell your doctor if you are taking any other medications. It's also important to find out if you have any allergies. Avoid caffeine and other stimulants since they can make the side effects worse. Numerous studies have examined the effects of bupropion versus placebos in adults suffering from ADHD. The results of these studies were mixed, and the majority of studies were not conducted properly. Many of these studies excluded people with psychiatric disorders co-morbidity. The data indicate that bupropion has an impact on ADHD. However there is a need for more research to identify positive outcomes for patients such as improvements in quality of life. Before effective treatments can be developed it is essential to have a better understanding of the molecular causes of ADHD. This includes a better understanding of the relationship between the various molecular pathways. It's also important to understand how anti-ADHD drugs work in combination with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants Antidepressants can be prescribed by doctors if stimulants prescribed for children suffering from ADHD are not effective or cause side effects. These drugs, which include imipramine and nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor), help by increasing the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which aid in concentration. These older medications can cause severe adverse effects. They are usually only employed when other drugs are not working. The first option for depression-related antidepressants is typically an inhibitor of serotonin reuptake (SSRI) like fluoxetine, sertraline, or citalopram. However, tricyclic antidepressants, that have been around for a long time, can be utilized in certain instances. These drugs are effective in treating pain caused by neuropathic or other however their antidepressant effect is not the identical. They enhance noradrenephrine through inhibiting its reuptake and also act as descending modulators of pain pathways in the spinal cord. SSRIs have a lower risk of toxicity, and less serious side effects than the tricyclic antidepressants. They are also safer during pregnancy and don't appear to be teratogenic for animals or humans. If abruptly stopped, they may cause withdrawal symptoms that are severe. Your doctor might suggest gradually decreasing the dosage over several weeks to reduce the effects. While not officially approved by the FDA as a medication for adhd Bupropion is a widely prescribed antidepressant off-label to treat ADHD. It is believed to be effective by increasing the neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine and acetylcholine that are found in the brain to increase concentration. homepage is also known to reduce anxiety and stress. It can be paired with stimulants for quicker and lasting results. Although there aren't any other FDA-approved nonstimulant medications for ADHD, many people do feel relief through the use of dietary supplements and herbs. A diet that is low in fat and sugar may aid in reducing ADHD symptoms. In the same way, removing caffeine may be beneficial to some people. It is essential to inform your doctor about all medications your child or you is taking, including prescription medications and herbal remedies. This can help reduce unwanted side effects as well as prevent interactions. ADHD medications can affect people differently. It could take a bit of trial and error before you discover the ideal dosage and dose for your child or yourself.